Electrode Paste composition is used as an important component in many industrial applications. It is a mixture of calcined petroleum coke, electrically calcined anthracite coal, and coal tar pitch along with other additives to enhance specific properties such as strength, thermal conductivity, etc. The material is offered in a variety of forms, including eggs, polygonal block, briquettes, and cylinders. Also, it is used widely in the production of solar cells.
According to the invention, the method for making the paste for the electrode is to mix the ingredients in a solvent and then print the solution onto the silicon substrate. The phosphorous-containing copper alloy particles, the silver particle and the glass particles are then sintered by heat treatment at a temperature between 800 and 850 deg C to obtain the desired electrode.
According to the present invention, the phosphorous-containing copper alloy particles have an oxidation resistance which exhibits no significant change even at a high heat treatment temperature during sintering and, as a result, an ohmic contact between the phosphide-containing copper alloy particles and the photovoltaic cell can be achieved. Glass particles in the electrode paste are preferably composed of 45 parts vanadium oxide, 24 parts phosphorus oxide, 10 parts antimony oxide, 5 parts tungsten oxide, with a melting point of less than 600 degrees Celsius.
It is important to control the weight-average molecular mass of the polymers in order to prevent mutual aggregates of resins and solvents. This prevents the formation of foreign matter due to incomplete combustion during sintering, and as a result the paste composition for an electrode can be used even at a lower heat treatment temperature.
The present invention is also applicable to other applications than photovoltaics, including, for instance, shield and electrode wirings in plasma displays, condensers made of ceramic, various sensor circuits, and antenna circuits.
A photovoltaic electrode can be formed in accordance with the invention by sintering and drying a paste electrode composition on a silicone substrate. The present invention can provide a photovoltaic with excellent ohmic contacts between the light receiving surface and the n type layer by using a fire through effect between glass particles and anti-reflective film. The electrode is also easily shaped to any desired shape. The resulting photovoltaic cell is suitable for use in high-resolution displays and high-quality TVs.
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