The global calcined petroleum coke market is experiencing significant growth. Petcoke's market is being driven by increasing demand from the aluminium industry and growing production of steel.
Carbon is fixed in the calcination of raw or green petroleum coke. The carbon raw material is then suitable for a wide range of industries.
APAC's growth is driven by the expansion of steel production in emerging economies and the increasing demand for aluminum. This makes APAC one of most promising markets to sell calcined oil coke. This hydrophobic carbonaceous black solid material is similar to coal but has lower levels of sulfur and nitrogen.
The calciner uses GPCs that are low in VM to produce CPCs of lower porosity, and higher bulk densities (VBD). A high VBD can help maximize anode density and reduce reactivity of the anode paste. Some smelters employ sophisticated blending equipment that concentrates cokes with high VBD in coarse fractions.
The market is driven by the increasing demand for Green Petroleum Coke to be used as an energy source for cement kilns. Focusing on reducing dependency on fossil fuels could further drive market growth.
Rotating kilns can be used to calcine GPC and produce calcined Petroleum Coke (CPC). Waste heat energy recovery systems recycle combustion products by burning VM.
The resultant calcined coal has a low metal and sulfur content and is used to produce graphite steel, and titanium. The high conductivity of calcined coal can be used in industries, such as aluminum manufacturing.
Even though basic toxicological evidence indicates that petcoke isn't carcinogenic but concerns still remain regarding urban exposure of fine particulates (PM). More studies are necessary to determine whether fine particulate matter from petcoke aggravates lung disease in urban populations. Additionally, further research is needed to better quantify fugitive dust emissions from petcoke storage piles. Companies are implementing strategies like product launches, acquisitions and geographical expansion to gain an advantage in the market.
The invention relates to a process for transforming a green or raw petroleum coke (referred to as fuel grade coke in the present invention) of a desired quality into calcined coke of anode grade quality. Many green cokes lack one or several of the necessary qualities to be classified as anode grade coke and thus are disqualified from being used as feedstock in the production of electrodes for electric arc and induction furnaces.
Due to the shortage of low-sulfur category A GPC, prices are higher. The ability to produce a coke with low sulfur that can be used for anode is also very important. The process of the invention provides a method to achieve this objective by processing individual fuel grade cokes of varying sulfur levels in a single rotary hearth calcining unit.
By reducing the requirement for SO2 scrubbing, this new technology helps smelters meet stricter emission requirements. Adding this type of capability requires a relatively modest investment and will help to ensure consistent production over a wide range of supply conditions.
Petroleum coke (petcoke), when heated to high temperature, loses volatile matter as well as impurities. This is calcined. Calcination turns carbonaceous raw material into a useful form for graphite smelting. Carbonaceous raw material includes crude oil and coal. Some petcoke will be used as fuel while others with higher sulfur and metal content are combusted for energy. This type of petcoke emits toxins and greenhouse gasses into the air when it is burned.
Anode grade coke is defined as calcined coke with low trace metals and sulfur. Anode grade coke is required to make carbon adodes in the Hall-Heroult aluminium smelting procedure. In addition to low sulfur and trace metals, anode-grade coke must also have a low VM content as measured by the vibrated bulk density test. For most calciners, rotary kilns are used to produce these qualities. Waste heat energy recovery systems are used in many rotary kilns to convert the hot flue gases from coke calcination.
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