Foundries play an essential role in European industrial recovery and the future of skilled workers in regional areas. However, high raw material and energy prices are making it harder for them to survive.
It is important for foundries to have cost consciousness in the usage of raw materials. The melting energy consumed in a foundry contributes a great deal to consumption and thus effective management is needed.
Zinc is a silvery-white metal that resists corrosion and is readily soluble in water. The ancient Romans used zinc to alloy copper to make brass for weapons. The alchemist Paracelsus named the element in his era, and German chemist Andreas Sigismund Marggraf is credited with discovering pure metallic zinc in 1746.
Most zinc is alloyed with aluminum, magnesium, or copper in precise proportions to improve its properties. The molten alloy is poured into sow or ingot molds. The metal is then formed into rods or sheets by rolling.
Zinc is also widely used in electroplating iron and steel (hot-dip galvanizing) and in small non-structural castings. It is a major ingredient in electrical batteries and in wood preservatives. It is found in the body as a nutrient, with more than 3,000 proteins containing functional zinc-binding sites. Zinc deficiency can cause a number of health problems, including impaired growth, decreased immune function, delayed sexual maturation, and diarrhea.
Copper is one of the most important industrial raw materials. Its malleability and ductility mean that it is used for electrical wiring and piping systems. It is a very good conductor of electricity, and it also resists corrosion.
Copper can be combined with other metals to create alloys, such as bronze (copper and tin) or brass (copper and zinc). It is often found in nature in oxidized form, which gives it its distinctive green color. Examples include the patina on old copper pennies or the Statue of Liberty.
Copper is also used in electronic devices, including phones and computers. Its superior electrical conductivity and resistance to corrosion make it an essential material for modern electronics. In fact, a typical cell phone contains around 15 grams of copper. It is also commonly used in power tools, robotic vacuum cleaners and surveillance systems. In addition, copper is an essential component in the manufacture of locomotives and trains, and aircraft motors, radiators, and wiring.
Magnesium is one of the most important micronutrients required for normal metabolism. Deficiency is rare in healthy individuals eating a balanced diet, however, requirements may change with age and various physiopathological conditions.
Increasing evidence suggests that suboptimal magnesium intake is associated with increased risk of coronary artery disease. Magnesium is also essential for normal functioning of the heart, muscle function, and sleep quality. It improves sensitivity to insulin, which is important in maintaining metabolic health and body weight loss.
Germany is heavily dependent on imported primary magnesium and is facing shortages – especially for die casters. The German TV channel ARD plusminus reported last year that the first machines in Germany are already at a standstill because the stocks are running out. Alliance has started up a pilot plant to demonstrate its patented electrolytic process powered by hydroelectricity as an alternative to the traditional pidgeon process that is used in China, which supplies most of the world’s primary magnesium.
Stainless steel is the generic name for a group of ferrous alloys that are resistant to corrosion. The resistance is due to the presence of chromium, which forms a chromium oxide layer that protects the steel from damage by oxygen and other elements. This layer is self-healing, and it can repair itself even after severe abrasion.
Chromium is combined with other metals and non-metals to produce a range of alloys that have different properties. These alloys are used in a wide variety of applications. They include kitchen equipment, cutlery and car parts, as well as industrial machinery and building components.
Stainless steels are also highly durable and have low maintenance requirements. They are also environmentally friendly and can be recycled at any time. In addition, they are highly resistant to corrosion and do not rust. They are also hygienic and easy to clean. They can withstand harsh environments and are ideal for use in medical devices.
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