Manufacturers of Graphite Petroleum Coke provide high quality products for the manufacturing, mining and energy industries. These products range from graphite crucibles for the production of steel to coal-tar pitch, used as a binder for molded articles such as molding compounds, sand casting molds and casting dies for the metal industry. Coal tar pitch has a melting point below 100 degrees C, which makes it easier to work with when using steam-heated machines for mixing or forming the shaped article. Graphite Petroleum Coke manufacturers provide a variety of processing steps to transform this low-grade carbon material into finished products that are useful in many applications.
Traditionally, the high-purity coke produced from petroleum is subjected to a thermal cracking treatment to yield moderator graphite for nuclear reactors. This process involves the simultaneous addition of heat and air to the hydrocarbons in a fluidized surface. The oxygen reacted chemically with the hydrocarbons forming organic oxides and water. These were separated from coke through washing and pretreatment. The pretreated material underwent a thermal reaction at 500 C, atmospheric pressure, and a temperature of 500 C. This produced coke with a yield of 48.0%. It was also found to be of high purity and suitable for conversion into moderator-grade graphite to be used in nuclear reactors.
Researchers have recently demonstrated that coke could be used as an inexpensive, renewable precursor to carbon nanomaterials. The physicochemical and synthesis properties of petroleum coal are ideal for the production of a variety of CNMs, including 1D, 2D, and 0D. These include graphene, its derivatives (such as reduced-graphene dioxide (RGO) or boron nitride BN), and their derivatives.
In order to prepare petroleum coke, it is first washed in water and then pre-treated. It is then ground and mixed with a small percentage of binder, to the approximate ratio of 30 parts by weight binder to 100 parts by weight of calcined petroleum coke. This mixture, which is heated between 300-500 degC for the conversion of the binder into carbon graphite, is then worked into shaped pieces. It is then subjected a densifying procedure to fill the pores created during heating, and to enhance its graphitic qualities. This is generally achieved by imprégnating the shaped carbon with a densener, preferably with a ratio of carbon to hydrogen of 1.35. It is then heated to temperatures in the range 2500 to 3000 degrees Celsius.
The graphite is now ready for use. It is frequently impregnated with a silicon carbide or tetrafluoroethylene based polymer, to prevent the formation of a brittle crystalline structure. The shaped graphite is then dried, using either natural or forced drying techniques. It is vital that the graphite meets the required hardness and strength requirements for the intended use. In some cases, graphite impregnated with resin is then subjected a sintering procedure at high temperatures in order to achieve its final form and to consolidate the structure of the graphite.
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