With the help of a wire injector system, the encapsulated pure steel calcium wire (called cored steel) is introduced into molten steel to improve steel quality. This is done by increasing calcium recovery, reducing oxidation and desulfurization as well as modifying inclusions. It is also used to avoid the formation of long sulfide inclusions, reduce nozzle blockage and increase the anisotropy of the molten steel. The cored wire is fed into the liquid steel's deepest layer, allowing it to play a greater role in the de-sulfurization.
In order to evaluate the performance of a new type of cored wire, various plant trial data were analysed by means of a multidimensional modelling approach. The results show a good relationship between the calculated calcium recoveries and physically sound dimensionless number. The model can predict the behaviour of calcium addition during the metallurgical processing and provide important information to optimize a steel plant.
In this article we present the results from a series nanoindentation tests performed on Stainless Steel and Titanium Mesh samples coated with HA. The HA on the titanium mesh sample was stiffer than that of the SS sample. However, both samples showed a similar resistance against surface deformation. It was observed that the HA coating on SS and Titanium mesh samples had a different behaviour with respect to the mesh pattern, which could be due to differences in the bending ratio between the two types of woven structures. This led to a higher distortion and internal stress on the HA coating, resulting in uncovered areas or gaps located at the wire peaks in SS and titanium samples with plain weave (Figures 4d and 5c). Twill-woven samples of varying wire pitches showed a lesser distortion of the coating and no gap at the peak (Figures 4d-5c).
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