Electrode Paste is a material that is used to produce carbon electrodes for electric furnaces. Its primary components are calcined anthracite coal and baked coal tar pitch. Other additives are added to the paste to improve performance and properties. This specialized substance is crucial to the EAF Steelmaking Process, providing electrical conductivity to melt scrap metal and refine steel.
The electrodes are baked into a cohesive, self-supporting material known as Soderberg electrode. The electrodes are used in arc ore reduction furnaces around the globe, carrying the current from transformer to heating zone and generating heat for metallurgical reactions. These are the heart of many ore-reduction ovens. They work in different shapes, including cylinders.
Electrodes are shaped by applying pressure or heat to the paste, which is a viscous, black material. It is made from anthracite coke and baked coal tar pitch. The coal-tar acts as a binding agent, combining and binding the carbon materials. Its viscosity allows it to withstand higher temperatures and keep its shape throughout the baking process. The electrodes should be able to withstand mechanical and electrical loads, including continuous current flow. The electrodes must be able to resist oxidation, and also have good temperature stability.
When the electrodes reach their final state, they're placed in a casing that is made of a nonferromagnetic material. The electrode heater 9 is installed in the casing to provide the heat necessary for baking the electrodes. The electrodes may be fed down by an automatic feed mechanism or manually. As the electrodes sink, fresh electrode paste will be added to the bottom electrode column via an electrode feed cylinder 7.
Once the electrodes have reached the top of casing, the electric current that passes through the collector will heat them. The temperature of the electrode paste rises until it reaches a critical point, where a small amount of the volatile material continues to volatilize. At this point the electrode paste begins sintering and a hard part is formed.
The sintering progress of the electrode is monitored through measurements of one or more properties such as electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity. The measured values are then converted to a control signal for controlling the energisation of the electrode heater and the rate at which the electrode is fed down the column. Coordinated control of the baking time and addition of new paste is used to ensure that the electrode bakes in a timely manner. This helps to prevent oxidation of the electrode and minimizes the loss of electric current. This also reduces the energy and raw-material consumption, improving cost-effectiveness. Moreover, the electrode can be fed into furnaces without interrupting operations. This is an important improvement over previous systems, which required an additional electrode oven for baking the electrodes.
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