The invention described hereinabove is the use of a calcium-free cored wire, particularly for steel making. The new wire is constructed consisting of two layers: the steel stripe that is on the outside and a pure layer of metal. It is an improvement to the conventional structure of calcium-cored steel wires. The wire is extremely metallurgical properties and is suitable to be used in refining process.
It is easier to insert, and penetrates the ladle deeper and has an increased calcium yield compared to previous wires. It is able to be placed easier, get into the steel ladle at greater depths, and reduce the calcium oxidation by slag and increase the absorption rate of smelting steel slag. This can reduce the duration of smelting and increase the quality of molten.
The steelmaking process needs a huge amount of calcium present in the molten metal. The temperature of molten iron must be sufficiently high to achieve a high concentration of calcium. It is also necessary to make sure that the process is protected and secured. A failure in calcium treatment may result in catastrophic effects for the steelmaking process. An effective system that ensures the reliability in the calcium treatment is crucial. AFFIVAL created the PapCal technology, or HDx the name of a form of modern calcium-cored wire that's the State of the Art within the process of treating calcium.
The metallurgical properties of cored steel wires are largely determined by the behaviour of the cored metal wires when they are molten iron. To understand the phenomenon better, AFFIVAL developed a new patent-pending method that relies on finite differences to calculate temperatures across the lengths of steel-cored wires and their outer shell.
This study shows that the cored wires have a temperature distribution similar to a fish scale, with more heat in the middle and a lower temperature on the edges. The result of the calculation can be used to pinpoint the precise location that the core of calcium as well as the steel shell within the molten steel. This information is used to optimise the feed process for pure calcium wire by altering its speed and rhythm.
The research was conducted within the context of an internship with Affival SAS and was supported by the Association Nationale de la Recherche et de la Technologie (CONVENTION CIFRE Ndeg 2015/0443). The authors declare no financial or commercial relationships that might be interpreted as a conflict of interest. Moreover, they would like to thank Alexandre Carre, Director of Technologies at Affival and Affival for his invaluable suggestions and guidance. This research project, which was that was funded by the Association Nationale de la Recherche & Technological Innovation CONVENTION CIFRE Ndeg provides the base for this report. The authors would like to acknowledge Affival, who provided the core wire casings to the study and conducted the experiments.
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