Anthracite, the best fossilized form of carbon, is found in highest quality. It has spent over 350 million years underground in the midst of intense heat and pressure. It is therefore almost pure carbon and has very few impurities. As a result, it is a renewable and clean source of energy. Other fossil fuels produce a large amount of air pollutants. Wood pellets, for example, produce only 13.5 Million BTUs Per Ton, while anthracite can produce as much as 228.6 Million BTUs Per Ton.
The process of anthracitization converts bituminous to anthracite. This transformation occurs over time as a result of the great heat and stress exerted by the plants during Carboniferous Age. Anthracite has 86-97% CO2 and the highest heating power of all coal grades. Anthracite has a compact and hard texture, which is ideal for use in furnaces and stoves.
Activated carbon is made by heating coal or other materials in a controlled atmosphere to produce a char, which is then thermally or chemically activated to yield a highly porous final product. The macropores of activated carbon (>0.1mm in diameter), as well as the micropores provide large surfaces for adsorption. Anthracite charcoal, which comes from premium coals including anthracite and is activated by a process that greatly impacts its properties, depends on the material used to make it.
Municipalities that use anthracite carbon in their water treatment systems are able to achieve more consistent treatment results, less backwash waste, and lower water loss compared to using sand as a filter medium. Anthracite Carbon can also last up to 4 times longer than sand.
Although the use of Anthracite for power generation has declined, it is still a reliable source of heat that is cost-effective. Anthracite coal burns at a slow rate, allowing it to combust slowly without producing too much soot. The risk of a chimney fire is also reduced. Anthracite is also a much cleaner burning fuel than other types of fuels, including oil and natural gas. One MMBTU (million British thermal units) of anthracite energy produces 117 pounds of CO2, which is significantly less than the 228,6 lbs of CO2 emissions produced when a power plant using natural gas produces a comparable amount of energy.
The most common use of anthracite is for residential heat and as a fuel for steam locomotives. Anthracite has a wide range of uses, including as a fuel for steam locomotives or in stoves that are either manually fired or automatically stoked. Anthracite, an authorized fuel, can be burned in designated Smoke Control Areas under the Clean Air Act of 1994. Moreover, anthracite can be easily mixed with other fuels such as peat and wood. It is therefore an ideal fuel to use for heating that is sustainable in many climates. Anthracite can be a cheaper alternative to heating sources like wood pellets or heating oil.
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