Calcined petrol coke or petcoke are waste products from oil refineries. This waste product is recycled via a 'coking' process, where high temperature and pressure are applied to burn out volatiles. It is then transported by barges, ships or trucks. Employees are at risk of serious injury and illness from this material handling process. As well as the drills and sprays with high-pressure in the domes for the coke material, enclosed conveyors are also a potential hazard due to tripping or falling and being exposed to particle matter. According to a particle size analysis, 65% of airborne dust at a typical transfer point for coke contains particles that are smaller than 425 micrometers or 40 mesh.
While calcined petroleum coke is classified as an ST1 combustible dust under the OSHA Hazard Communication Standard, lab results from combustibility and explosibility screening tests (based on VDI 2263 "Dust fires and explosions; hazards, assessment, protective measures") indicate that under normal conditions of storage and use, hazardous decomposition products and polymerization should not occur. Most companies store coke in silos instead of piling it directly onto the ground.
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