It is produced as a by-product from oil refinery operations. Petroleum coke can be used in the production of carbon anodes, which are used in aluminum, steel, and titanium smelting. The carbon is chunky and powdered with low ash. If handled correctly, the material is not toxic. The handling of petroleum coke may produce hazardous emissions which can be harmful to the environment. Calcinating releases gaseous and particulate pollutants which can negatively impact respiratory health.
Because they can potentially cause lung or other respiratory issues, the emissions created by calcining coke petroleum are a particular source of concern. These emissions also contribute to smog and acid rain. To reduce these emissions, the rotary kilns used to calcine petcoke use waste heat energy recovery systems to capture the thermal energy in the flue gases produced during combustion of volatile matter (VM) and fine coke particles that are carried over from the GPC bed. This thermal energy is then used to generate steam that can be sold to other facilities or used to drive a turbine-based power generator to create electricity.
A significant amount of petroleum coke, which is used to replace coal in power plants, is also burned. It is because petcoke has a higher heat content due to its calorific value. Moreover, the energy from petcoke has lower sulphur and nitrogen oxides than that of coal. So, the amount of acid-producing sulphur is reduced.
Calcined petroleum coke (CPC) is a byproduct of the coker unit of a petroleum refinery. CPC can be used to produce prebaked cathodes and anodes for electrolytic aluminum, ferroalloys and graphite electrodes. It is also used as a solid fuel fuel for boilers of metallurgical plants. Both needle coke and sponge coal are used as electrodes to make high-power crucibles of graphite, for steelmaking or the carbon industry.
Aluminum applications hold the largest share in the calcined petroleum coke market. The rapid urbanization and development of infrastructure in the emerging economies are driving global consumption. Due to the excellent ductility of aluminum, its anti-corrosion and lightweight properties create an incremental demand. It is anticipated that this will further drive the growth of calcined oil coke over the forecasted period.
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